Make-up chemistry Criterion A

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1. Which one of the following atoms contains the greatest number of neutrons.
A) Sodium with an atomic mass number of 23 and an atomic number of 11 B) Potassium with an atomic mass number of 39 and an atomic number of 19 C) Chlorine with an atomic mass number of 35 and an atomic number of 17 D) Carbon with an atomic mass number of 12 and an atomic number of 6 E) Argon with an atomic mass number of 40 and an atomic number of 18

2. Atom "X" has 34 neutrons, 24 protons and 24 electrons. Atom "Y" has 30 neutrons, 24 protons and 22 electrons. Which comment below is true?
A) Atoms "X" and "Y" have the same mass number. B) Atoms "X" and "Y" are atoms of two different elements. C) Atoms "X" and "Y" are isotopes of the same element. D) Atoms "X" and "Y" have different atomic numbers E) Atoms "X" and "Y" both have a positive charge.

3. An atom has an atomic mass of 36 atomic mass units and an atomic number of 23. If this atom is neutral which comment below is true?
A) The atom has 23 neutrons and 13 electrons B) The atom has 23 protons and 13 neutrons C) The atom has 36 protons 13 electrons and 13 neutrons D) The atom has 13 electrons and 13 neutrons E) The atom has 43 electrons and 13 neutrons

4. The loss of electrons from a neutral atom
A) makes the atom negatively charged. B) reduces the mass number of the atom C) reduces the atomic number of the atom D) makes the atom positively charged E) significantly reduces the mass of the atom to almost a third of the original mass.

5. An atom has 13 protons and a charge of 3+. Which comment below is true?

A) The electrons are arranged as follows, 2 in the first energy level, 8 in the second energy level. B) The electrons are arranged as follows, 10 in the first energy level and 3 in the second energy level. C) The electrons are arranged as follows, 2 in the first energy level, 8 in the second energy level and 3 in the third energy level. D) The electrons are arranged as follows, 2 in the first energy level, 8 in the second energy level and 2 in the third energy level. E) The electrons are arranged as follows, 2 in the first energy level, 5 in the second energy level.

6. What are the products of the reaction taking place between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate powder?
A) Calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water. B) Calcium oxide and water C) Calcium chloride and water D) Carbon dioxide, calcium sulfate and water E) Calcium chloride, water and hydrogen gas.

7. Which one of the following options represents the reaction between iron oxide (Fe2O3) powder and a nitric acid (HNO3) solution.
A) HNO3(aq) + Fe2O3(s) --> Fe(NO3)3(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) B) 6HNO3(aq) + Fe2O3(s) --> 2Fe(NO3)3(aq) + 3H2O(l) C) HNO3(aq) + Fe2O3(s) --> Fe(NO3)3(aq) + H2(g) + O2(g) D) HNO3(aq) + Fe2O3(s) --> Fe(NO3)3(aq) + H2O(l) E) None of the above.

8. The pH of a soft drink was measured at 6.0. From this information we can say that the soft drink:
A) contained a strong acid; B) contained a weak acid; C) contained a weak base; D) contained a strong base E) was neutral.

9. An indicator is a chemical that:
A) reacts with a base to produce water and a salt; B) changes colour always at pH 7; C) changes colour at a certain pH; D) reacts with a acid to produce water and a salt; E) reacts with water to form a coloured solution.

10. A solution is placed in a dish with Universal indicator as shown on the right. Which comment is most likely true?
A) The solution is weakly acidic. B) The solution is neutral at pH 7. C) The solution contains a strong acid. D) The solution contains a strong base. E) The solution contains a weak base.

11. Sugar decomposes quickly with the production of a great deal of heat according to the equation below. C6H12O6(s) => 6H2O(g) + 6C(s) According to the equation:
A) solid sugar burns to form liquid water and carbon gas; B) solid sugar burns to form liquid water and solid carbon; C) liquid sugar burns to form water vapour and solid carbon; D) solid sugar burns to form water vapour and solid carbon; E) liquid sugar burns to form water vapour and carbon gas.

12. The diagram on the right represents the reactants in a chemical reaction. Which of the following could be the products of the reaction?
A) A only B) B only C) C only D) A or B only E) D only

13. The diagram, on the right, represents a mixture of S atoms and O2 molecules in a closed container. Which diagram shows the results after the mixture reacts completely according to the equation: 2S + 3O2 => 2SO3
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E

14. The image on the right shows the nuclei of 4 different elements. Which one belongs to element "X"?
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) No nucleus belongs to element "X".

15. How many electrons are in the outer shell of an atom with 13 electrons?
A) 13 B) 8 C) 5 D) 3 E) 11

16. Dentists discourage young kids from drinking and swirling soft drink in their mouths. Soft drinks contain acids that can dissolve teeth and cause decay. Knowing that calcium carbonate is the main constituent of tooth enamel which one of the following chemical equations best describes what happens?
A) acid + calcium carbonate => carbon dioxide gas + calcium salt + water B) acid + calcium carbonate => hydrogen gas + water C) acid + calcium carbonate => carbon dioxide gas + hydrogen gas + water D) acid + calcium carbonate => calcium salt + water E) acid + calcium carbonate => calcium + acid carbonate

17. Lead forms ions with a charge of 2+ (Pb2+). When lead reacts with element "X" a compound is formed with the formula Pb3X2. Element "X" also reacts with lithium ions (Li+). What is the likely formula of the compound formed between lithium and element "X".
A) Li3X B) X3Li C) Li2X D) LiX E) Li3X2

18. Methane(CH4) burns in oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide(CO2) and water(H2O). Which one of the following options represents a balanced chemical equation for this reaction?
A) CH4 + O2 => CO2 + H2O B) 3CH4 + 5O2 => 3CO2 + 6H2O C) C2H4 + 3O => C2O2 + H4O D) CH4 + 3O => CO2 + H4O E) CH4 + 2O2 => CO2 + 2H2O

19. A substance can be used as a fuel only if it reacts to produce a great deal of heat energy and gaseous products. The diagram on the right shows the energy profile of three different reactions that produce gaseous products. Which reaction can be used as a fuel to power a vehicle?

A) The reactants in reaction “A” undergo an exothermic reaction and release more heat energy per mol of reactant than any other reaction. B) The reactants in reaction “C” undergo an exothermic reaction and can be used as a fuel. C) The reactants in reaction “B” undergo an exothermic reaction and can be used as a fuel D) The reactants in reaction “A” undergo an endothermic reaction and can be used as a fuel E) The reactants in reaction “B” undergo an endothermic reaction and can be used as a fuel

20. Consider the two atoms shown on the right. What is the chemical formula of the compound formed when these type of atoms chemically react together?
A) X2Y B) Y2 X C) XY D) X3Y E) None of the above