The manipulation of neurotransmitters in the change of state of mind.

The brain is a complex network of trillions of neuron connections. State of mind is associated with activity of some of these neuron connections. The activity of some of these connections can be controlled by manipulating the amount of neurotransmitter present in the synapse.

 

Mood altering drugs act on the neurotransmitter present in the synapse. Such drugs are classified according to how they act on the mind. Four major groups exist:
-sedatives and tranquilisers
-opiates
-stimulants
-hallucinogens

Drugs such as opiates are painkillers that produce a feeling of euphoria. They mimic natural neurotransmitters found in the brain as shown on the right. When such drugs are taken intravenously they act on receptors in the brain. Their presence produces a negative feedback effect that lowers the synthesis of natural opiates in the brain. Since the brain decreases production of natural opiates dependance soon develops.

Some psychological diseases such as depression are a result of neurotransmitter imbalances in the brain. Medication acts to restore the imbalance and control symptoms of the disease.
Exercises
The gap under the axon ending is called a synapse. The gap under the axon ending is called a synapse. The gap under the axon ending is called a synapse.