Distillation exercises

A mixture of water and ethanol was accidentally mixed with an unknown substance "X". "X" is highly soluble in water and proved very difficult to separate. Describe how the mixture can be separated to give pure water. ethanol and substance "X". Below are the boiling points of the three liquids.

Substance dissolved in the mixture
Boiling temperature
Unknown substance "X"
120oC
Ethanol
85.5oC
Water
100oC

Jonathon was given a mixture of sand, salt, water, X and ethanol. He was asked to produce pure salt, ethanol and water.

Fill in the gaps by selecting the correct response.

Step 1) We must separate the sand from the solution using .
Step 2) Using we recover one of the liquids. Heat the mixture of salt, water and ethanol at a temperature of to evaporate the .
Step 3) When no more distillate can be recovered, change the temperature to to evaporate the and leave pure behind in the container.

 

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Liebig condenser Distilling flask Collecting flask Heat source Water outlet Water inlet