How lenses work

Convex lenses refract (bend) light through a single point called the focal point as seen in the animation above. The distance between the focal point and middle of the lens is called the focal length.

The focal length changes depending on how thick the lens is. The thicker the lens the more it refracts the light passing through it and the focal length becomes shorter. A thick lens is said to be stronger than a thin lens.
Tracing the image formed by a lens

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