pH

 

pH is a very convenient scale to measure large variations of [H3O+] concentrations.

pH is defined by the expression below

The above expression can be rearranged to give:
Example1. Calculate the pH of a 0.1M HCl solution.
Step 1 find the concentration of hydronium ions. Since HCl is a strong acid the reaction represented by the equation below has a very high Ka value therefore the reaction proceeds almost to completion.
The concentration of HCl should be equal to the concentration of hydronium ions.

Step 2
Example 2. Calculate the concentration of hydronium ions in a sample of a lemon soda drink of pH 3.0.
Step 1 Apply the formula below



Complete the table below
click in the coloured cells for more information. Double click to hide the information.

Concentration of
strong acid

pH of solution
2
0.001
0.002
9
0.2
0.1
0.01

Solutions

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